Urinary Metabolite Profiles of Participants with Overweight and Obesity Prescribed a Weight Loss High Fruit and Vegetable Diet: A Single Arm Intervention Study.
Document Type
Article
Publication Date
12-17-2024
Publication Title
Nutrients
Abstract
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Thus far, no studies have examined the relationship between fruit and vegetable (F and V) intake, urinary metabolite quantities, and weight change. Therefore, the aim of the current study was to explore changes in urinary metabolomic profiles during and after a 10-week weight loss intervention where participants were prescribed a high F and V diet (7 servings daily).
METHODS: Adults with overweight and obesity (n = 34) received medical nutrition therapy counselling to increase their F and V intakes to national targets (7 servings a day). Data collection included weight, dietary intake, and urine samples at baseline at week 2 and week 10. Urinary metabolite profiles were quantified using 1H NMR spectroscopy. Machine learning statistical approaches were employed to identify novel urine-based metabolite biomarkers associated with high F and V diet patterns at weeks 2 and 10. Metabolic changes appearing in urine in response to diet were quantified using Metabolite Set Enrichment Analysis (MSEA).
RESULTS: Energy intake was significantly lower (p = 0.02) at week 10 compared with baseline. Total F and V intake was significantly higher at week 2 and week 10 (p < 0.05). In total, 123 urinary metabolites were quantified. At week 10, 21 metabolites showed significant changes relative to baseline. Of these, 11 metabolites also significantly changed at week 2. These overlapping metabolites were acetic acid, dimethylamine, choline, fumaric acid, glutamic acid, L-tyrosine, histidine, succinic acid, uracil, histamine, and 2-hydroxyglutarate. Ridge Classifier and Linear Discriminant Analysis provided best prediction accuracy values of 0.96 when metabolite level of baseline was compared to week 10.
CONCLUSIONS: Urinary metabolites quantified represent potential candidate biomarkers of high F and V intake, associated with a reduction in energy intake. Further studies are needed to validate these findings in larger population studies.
Volume
16
Issue
24
First Page
4358
Recommended Citation
Clarke ED, Gómez-Martín M, Stanford J, Yilmaz A, Ustun I, Wood L et al [Graham SF] Urinary metabolite profiles of participants with overweight and obesity prescribed a weight loss high fruit and vegetable diet: a single arm intervention study. Nutrients. 2024 Dec 17;16(24):4358. doi: 10.3390/nu16244358. PMID: 39770979
DOI
10.3390/nu16244358
ISSN
2072-6643
PubMed ID
39770979