Pneumothorax prevalence and mortality per gestational age in the newborn.

Document Type

Article

Publication Date

8-1-2021

Publication Title

Pediatric pulmonology

Abstract

OBJECTIVES: Pneumothorax (PTX) in newborns is a life-threatening condition associated with high morbidity and mortality especially in premature infants. The frequency of PTX in neonates at different gestational ages (GA) and its impact on neonatal mortality have not been quantified. We aimed to determine: (1) the prevalence of PTX in neonates at different GA from ≤24 to ≥37 weeks, (2) the impact of PTX on mortality per GA, and (3) the impact of PTX on the length of stay (LOS) per GA.

METHODS: The national Kids' Inpatient Database for the years of 2006-2012 were used. We included all infants admitted to the hospital with a documented GA and International Classification of Disease 9 code of PTX. Bivariate and multivariate analyses were conducted and odds ratios (OR) were calculated.

RESULTS: A total of 10,625,036 infants were included; of them 3665 infants (0.034%) had a diagnosis of PTX, with highest prevalence at ≤24 weeks GA (0.67%), and lowest at term (0.02%). The overall mortality rate of patients with PTX was 8.8%, and greater in preterm (16.3%) versus term infants (2.7%). The association of mortality with PTX was greatest at GA of 29-32 weeks (OR = 8.55; 95% confidence interval: 6.56-11.13). Infants who survived until discharge had a median of 2-12 days longer LOS depending on GA category.

CONCLUSIONS: The prevalence of PTX peaks in infants less than 24 weeks, however, its impact on mortality is greatest at 29-32 weeks. PTX is associated with longer LOS in survivors.

Volume

56

Issue

8

First Page

2583

Last Page

2588

DOI

10.1002/ppul.25454

ISSN

1099-0496

PubMed ID

34002954

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