Machine learning of clinical variables and coronary artery calcium scoring for the prediction of obstructive coronary artery disease on coronary computed tomography angiography: Analysis from the CONFIRM registry
Document Type
Article
Publication Date
1-14-2020
Publication Title
European Heart Journal
Abstract
© The Author(s) 2019. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the European Society of Cardiology. Aims Symptom-based pretest probability scores that estimate the likelihood of obstructive coronary artery disease (CAD) in stable chest pain have moderate accuracy. We sought to develop a machine learning (ML) model utilizing clinical factors and the coronary artery calcium score (CACS), to predict the presence of obstructive CAD on coronary computed tomography angiography (CCTA). Methods The study screened 35 281 participants enrolled in the CONFIRM registry, who underwent >_64 detector row and results CCTA evaluation because of either suspected or previously established CAD. A boosted ensemble algorithm (XGBoost) was used, with data split into a training set (80%) on which 10-fold cross-validation was done and a test set (20%). Performance was assessed of the (1) ML model (using 25 clinical and demographic features), (2) ML þ CACS, (3) CAD consortium clinical score, (4) CAD consortium clinical score þ CACS, and (5) updated Diamond-Forrester (UDF) score. The study population comprised of 13 054 patients, of whom 2380 (18.2%) had obstructive CAD (>_50% stenosis). Machine learning with CACS produced the best performance [area under the curve (AUC) of 0.881] compared with ML alone (AUC of 0.773), CAD consortium clinical score (AUC of 0.734), and with CACS (AUC of 0.866) and UDF (AUC of 0.682), P < 0.05 for all comparisons. CACS, age, and gender were the highest ranking features. Conclusion A ML model incorporating clinical features in addition to CACS can accurately estimate the pretest likelihood of obstructive CAD on CCTA. In clinical practice, the utilization of such an approach could improve risk stratification and help guide downstream management.
Volume
41
Issue
3
First Page
359
Last Page
367
Recommended Citation
Al'Aref, Subhi J.; Maliakal, Gabriel; Singh, Gurpreet; van Rosendael, Alexander R.; Ma, Xiaoyue; Xu, Zhuoran; Al Hussein Alawamlh, Omar; Lee, Benjamin; Pandey, Mohit; Achenbach, Stephan; Al-Mallah, Mouaz H.; Andreini, Daniele; Bax, Jeroen J.; Berman, Daniel S.; Budoff, Matthew J.; Cademartiri, Filippo; Callister, Tracy Q.; Chang, Hyuk Jae; Chinnaiyan, Kavitha; Chow, Benjamin J.W.; Cury, Ricardo C.; DeLago, Augustin; Feuchtner, Gudrun; Hadamitzky, Martin; Hausleiter, Joerg; Kaufmann, Philipp A.; Kim, Yong Jin; Leipsic, Jonathon A.; Maffei, Erica; Marques, Hugo; de Araújo Gonçalves, Pedro; Pontone, Gianluca; and Raff, Gilbert L., "Machine learning of clinical variables and coronary artery calcium scoring for the prediction of obstructive coronary artery disease on coronary computed tomography angiography: Analysis from the CONFIRM registry" (2020). Articles. 161.
https://scholarlyworks.beaumont.org/cardiology_articles/161
DOI
10.1093/eurheartj/ehz565
ISSN
0195668X
PubMed ID
31513271