Document Type

Conference Proceeding

Publication Date

2-2021

Abstract

Introduction: Studies have shown many genes influence antibiotic resistance, and the relationship between genotypic and phenotypic antibiotic resistance is unclear. We sought to analyze the concordance between the presence of antibiotic resistance (ABR) genes and antibiotic susceptibility results in urine samples collected from symptomatic UTI patients. Methods: Urine samples were collected from patients presenting with possible UTI to 37 geographically disparate Urology clinics from July 2018 to February 2019. Multiplex polymerase chain reaction (M-PCR) was used to test for 33 different ABR genes. Samples in which at least one organism was identified at a quantity of ≥104 cells per mL, Pooled Antibiotic Susceptibility Testing (P-AST), which involves simultaneously growing all detected bacteria together in the presence of antibiotics and then measuring susceptibility, was performed against 14 different antibiotics. The concordance rate between the ABR genes and the P-AST results was generated for the overall group. The concordance rates for each antibiotic between monomicrobial and polymicrobial infection were compared using chisquare test. Results: Among the 2,512 patients, bacteria were detected in 1,579. ABR gene genotyping and PAST analysis was performed for 1,155. ABR genes were detected in 36.3% (419/1155) of specimens. Overall, the presence or absence of ABR genes was 60% concordant with antibiotic susceptibility patterns. Two circumstances accounted for the concordance: ABR gene not present by M-PCR/antibiotic sensitive by P-AST (48.4%) and ABR gene present/antibiotic resistant (11.5%). In the 40% non-concordant cases, 25% were ABR gene not present/antibiotic resistant and 15% were ABR gene present/antibiotic sensitive, Table 1. Most antibiotics were associated with similar concordance rates for monomicrobial and polymicrobial infections. However, the concordance rates were significantly lower for polymicrobial for three antibiotics: vancomycin, meropenem, and piperacillin/tazobactam, with absolute differences of 9.3% (p value=0.002), 13.1% (p value<0.0001), and 19.0% (p value = 0.019), respectively. Conclusion: The concordance rate of the ABR genes as identified by M-PCR and phenotypic resistance as detected by P-AST was 60%. Thus, in 40% of samples, the reliance on the M-PCR antibiotic resistance gene report without the phenotypic data reported by P-AST data may lead to inappropriate treatment.

Comments

The Annual Winter Meeting of the Society of Urodynamics, Female Pelvic Medicine & Urogenital Reconstruction, Virtual, February 25-27, 2021.

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Urology Commons

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