Fatty Liver and Metabolic Syndrome in Patients With Celiac Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Authors

Nishant Aggarwal, Beaumont Health Residient
V Dwarakanathan
H Alarouri
A Agarwal
S Dang
V Ahuja
G Makharia

Document Type

Conference Proceeding

Publication Date

10-2022

Publication Title

American Journal of Gastroenterology

Abstract

Introduction:

Studies have suggested a high prevalence of fatty liver and metabolic syndrome in patients with celiac disease (CeD). We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to assess the prevalence of fatty liver and metabolic syndrome in treatment-naïve patients with CeD and in patients on a gluten-free diet (GFD).

Methods:

The PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Library databases were searched for original studies. We included full-text articles published in the English language after 1990 that used well-defined criteria for CeD, fatty liver and metabolic syndrome. Of 185 studies identified, 7 were included for the analysis. Random effects model was used to calculate pooled prevalence.

Results:

The pooled prevalence of fatty liver in treatment-naïve patients with CeD was 15.3% (0.153 [95%CI 0.056-0.285], n=867). After initiation of GFD, the prevalence increased to 29.1% (0.291 [95%CI 0.172-0.427],n=869). The pooled prevalence of metabolic syndrome in treatment-naïve patients with CeD was 4.3% (0.043 [95%CI 0.024-0.067], n=1239), which increased to 24.2% (0.242 [95%CI 0.195-0.293], n=1239) with the initiation of GFD (Figure). We did not observe any significant publication bias. Subgroup analysis was performed to further explain heterogeneity.

Conclusion:

The present review has suggested a high prevalence of fatty liver and metabolic syndrome in patients with CeD. With the initiation of GFD, the prevalence of fatty liver and metabolic syndrome increases further. Patients with CeD should thus be screened and monitored for the development of fatty liver and metabolic syndrome. They should be counseled appropriately regarding their diet and inclusion of physical activity in their lifestyle.

Volume

117

Issue

10 Suppl

First Page

e1108

Comments

American College of Gastroenterology Annual Scientific Meeting, October 21-26, 2022, Charlotte, NC.

19th International Celiac Disease Symposium, October 19-22, 2022, Sorrento, Italy.

Recommended Citation

Aggarwal N, Dwarakanathan V, Alarouri H, Agarwal A, Dang S, Ahuja V, et al. Fatty liver and metabolic syndrome in patients with celiac disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Am J Gastroenterol. 2022 Oct;117(10 Suppl):e1108. doi:10.14309/01.ajg.0000862840.68430.f2.

DOI

10.14309/01.ajg.0000862840.68430.f2