Long-term prognostic utility of computed tomography coronary angiography in older populations

Sonali R. Gnanenthiran, The University of Sydney
Christopher Naoum, The University of Sydney
Jonathon A. Leipsic, The University of British Columbia
Stephan Achenbach, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg
Mouaz H. Al-Mallah, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences
Daniele Andreini, Università degli Studi di Milano
Jeroen J. Bax, Leiden University Medical Center - LUMC
Daniel S. Berman, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center
Matthew J. Budoff, The Lundquist Institute
Filippo Cademartiri, IRCCS Fondazione SDN
Tracy Q. Callister, Tennessee Heart and Vascular Institute
Hyuk Jae Chang, Severance Hospital
Kavitha Chinnaiyan, William Beaumont Hospital
Benjamin J.W. Chow, University of Ottawa, Canada
Ricardo C. Cury, Baptist Cardiac and Vascular Institute
Augustin Delago, Capitol Cardiology Associates
Gudrun Feuchtner, Medizinische Universitat Innsbruck
Martin Hadamitzky, Deutsches Herzzentrum München
Joerg Hausleiter, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München
Philipp A. Kaufman, UniversitatsSpital Zurich
Yong Jin Kim, Seoul National University Hospital
Erica Maffei
Hugo Marques, Hospital da Luz
Pedro De Araújo Goncalves, Hospital da Luz
Gianluca Pontone, Università degli Studi di Milano
Gilbert L. Raff, William Beaumont Hospital
Ronen Rubinshtein, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology
Leslee J. Shaw, New York Presbyterian Hospital
Todd C. Villines, Walter Reed National Military
Heidi Gransar, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center
Yao Lu, New York Presbyterian Hospital
Erica C. Jones, New York Presbyterian Hospital
Jessica M. Penã, New York Presbyterian Hospital

Abstract

© 2019 Published on behalf of the European Society of Cardiology. All rights reserved. Aims: The long-term prognostic value of coronary computed tomography angiography (CCTA)-identified coronary artery disease (CAD) has not been evaluated in elderly patients (≥70 years). We compared the ability of coronary CCTA to predict 5-year mortality in older vs. younger populations. Methods and results: From the prospective CONFIRM (COronary CT Angiography EvaluatioN For Clinical Outcomes: An InteRnational Multicenter) registry, we analysed CCTA results according to age <70 years>(n = 7198) vs. ≥70 years (n = 1786). The severity of CAD was classified according to: (i) maximal stenosis degree per vessel: None, non-obstructive (1-49%), or obstructive (>50%); (ii) segment involvement score (SIS): Number of segments with plaque. Cox-proportional hazard models assessed the relationship between CCTA findings and time to mortality. At a mean 5.6 ± 1.1 year follow-up, CCTA-identified CAD predicted increased mortality compared with patients with a normal CCTA in both <70 years>[non-obstructive hazard ratio (HR) confidence interval (CI): 1.70 (1.19-2.41); one-vessel: 1.65 (1.03-2.67); two-vessel: 2.24 (1.21-4.15); three-vessel/left main: 4.12 (2.27-7.46), P < 0.001] and ≥70 years [non-obstructive: 1.84 (1.15-2.95); one-vessel: HR (CI): 2.28 (1.37-3.81); two-vessel: 2.36 (1.33-4.19); three-vessel/left main: 2.41 (1.33-4.36), P = 0.014]. Similarly, SIS was predictive of mortality in both <70 years [SIS 1-3: 1.57 (1.10-2.24); SIS ≥4: 2.42 (1.65-3.57), P < 0.001] and ≥70 years [SIS 1-3: 1.73 (1.07-2.79); SIS ≥4: 2.45 (1.52-3.93), P < 0.001]. CCTA findings similarly predicted long-term major adverse cardiovascular outcomes (MACE) (all-cause mortality, myocardial infarction, and late revascularization) in both groups compared with patients with no CAD. Conclusion: The presence and extent of CAD is a meaningful stratifier of long-term mortality and MACE in patients aged <70 years and ≥70 years old. The presence of obstructive and non-obstructive disease and the burden of atherosclerosis determined by SIS remain important predictors of prognosis in older populations.